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This is a course about change and continuity in the nature and structure of political authority in Europe and its implications for contemporary state-builders. The purpose of this seminar is to introduce students to current thinking in the social sciences on the emergence of the modern state in Europe. In recent years state building/failure have emerged as first order problems in international politics. As the difficulty of constructing viable and stable states in troubled regions of the world has come to the forefront of the international agenda, policy makers and academics have increasingly sought insights into the nature of the state by reexamining its emergence in Europe. In this course we will examine the principal social science approaches to European state formation within the context of current vibrant debates within historical literatures on the nature of political authority in late medieval and early modern Europe. We will conclude by considering the implications of these literatures for contemporary problems of state failure and building.
Introduction:
First Meeting.
Luttwark, Edward. “Give War a Chance” in Foreign Affairs 78 (July/Aug., 1999), pp. 36-45.
North, Douglass. “A Neoclassical Theory of the State” in Structure and Change in Economic History, New York: Norton, 1981, chapter 3.
Cohen, Youssef et. al. “The Paradoxical Nature of State Making: The Violent Creation of Order” in American Political Science Review 75 (Dec., 1981), pp. 901-910.
North, Douglass. “The Paradox of the West” in R.W. Davis (ed.), The Origins of Modern Freedom in the West, Stanford: Stanford UP, 1995.
War and the State 1:
Tilly, Charles. Coercion, Capital, and European States, AD 990-1990, Cambridge: Blackwell, 1990.
War and the State 2:
Spruyt, Hendrik. The Sovereign State and its Competitors, Princeton: Princeton UP, 1994.
Ertman, Thomas. Birth of the Leviathan: Building States and Regimes in Early Modern Europe, New York: Cambridge UP, 1997, chapter 1.
Recommended:
Downing, Brian. The Military Revolution and Political Change: Origins of Democracy and Autocracy in Early Modern Europe, Princeton: Princeton UP, 1993.
Anderson, Perry. Lineages of the Absolutist State, London: Verso, 1974.
Wallerstein, Immanuel. The Modern World-System. Vol. 1, Capitalist Agriculture and the Origins of the European World-Economy in the Sixteenth Century, New York: Academic Press, 1974.
Barbera, Henry. The Military Factor in Social Change, New Brunswick: Transaction, 1998.
Brewer, John. The Sinews of War: War, Money and the English State, 1688-1783, Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1989.
Bonney, Richard. The Rise of the Fiscal State in Europe, c. 1200-1815, New York: Oxford UP, 1999.
Hintze, Otto. The Historical Essays of Otto Hintze, Edited by Felix Gilbert, New York: Oxford UP, 1975.
Tilly, Charles. “Reflections on the History of European State-Making” in Tilly (ed.) The Formation of National States in Western Europe, Princeton: Princeton UP, 1986.
McNeill, William. The Pursuit of Power, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1982.
Van Creveld, Martin. The Rise and Demise of the State, New York: Cambridge UP, 1999.
Gorski, Philip. Disciplinary Revolution: Calvinism and the Rise of the State in Early Modern Europe, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003.
Mukerji, Chandra. Territorial Ambitions and the Gardens of Versailles, New York: Cambridge UP, 1997.
te Brake, Wayne. Shaping History: Ordinary People in European Politics, 1500-1700, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.
Wilson, Peter H. War, State and Society in Württemberg, 1677-1793, New York: Cambridge UP, 1995.
Idem., in Central Europe, New York: Routledge, 2000.
Miller, Paula. Transformations of Patriarchy in the West, 1500-1900, Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1998.
Osiander, Andreas. “Sovereignty, International Relations and the Westphalian Myth” in International Organization 55 (Spring 2001), pp. 251-287.
Was There a Medieval ‘State’ 1?:
Bartlett, Robert. The Making of Europe: Conquest, Colonization and Cultural Change 950-1350, Princeton: Princeton UP, 1993.
Tierney, Brian. “Freedom and the Medieval Church” in R.W. Davis (ed.), The Origins of Modern Freedom in the West, Stanford: Stanford UP, 1995.
Was There a Medieval ‘State’ 2?:
Prestwich, Michael. The Three Edwards: War and State in England 1272-1377, New York: Routledge 2nd Edition 2003.
Davies, Rees. “The Medieval State: The Tyranny of a Concept?” in Journal of Historical Sociology 16 (2) (June 2003), pp. 280-300.
Reynolds, Susan. “The Historiography of the Medieval State” in M. Bentley (ed.) A Companion to Historiography, New York: Routledge, 1997.
Mundy, John. “Medieval Urban Liberty” in R.W. Davis (ed.), The Origins of Modern Freedom in the West, Stanford: Stanford UP, 1995.
Recommended:
Reynolds, Susan. Kingdoms and Communities in Western Europe 900-1300, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1984.
Idem., Fiefs and Vassals: The Medieval Evidence Reconsidered, New York: Oxford UP, 1994.
Gillingham, John. Richard Coeur de Lion: Kingship, Chivalry and War in the Twelfth Century, London: Hambledon, 1994.
Guenée, Bernard. States and Rulers in Later Medieval Europe, New York: Basil Blackwell, 1985.
Holt, J.C. “Feudal Society and the Family in Early Medieval England: III. Patronage and Politics” in Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 34 (5th Series, 1984), pp. 1-25.
Lewis, Andrew. Royal Succession in Capetian France: Studies on Familiar Order and the State, Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1981.
Moore, R.I. The First European Revolution c. 970-1215, Oxford: Blackwell, 2000.
Wolf, A. “The Family of Dynasties in Medieval Europe: Dynasties, Kingdoms and Tochterstämme” in Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History 12 (1991), pp. 183-259.
The Nature of Political Authority in Early Modern Europe 1:
Black, Jeremy. Kings, Nobles and Commoners: States and Society in Early Modern Europe, New York: I.B. Tauris, 2004.
Sahlins, Peter. “Natural Frontiers Revisited: France’s Boundaries since the Seventeenth Century”, in The American Historical Review, vol. 95 (Dec., 1990), pp. 1423-1451.
Elliot, John. “A Europe of Composite Monarchies”, in Past and Present 137, The Cultural and Political Construction of Europe, (Nov., 1992), pp. 48-71.
Koenigsberger, H.G. “Parliaments and Estates” in R.W. Davis (ed.), The Origins of Modern Freedom in the West, Stanford: Stanford UP, 1995.
The Nature of Political Authority in Early Modern Europe 2:
Koenigsberger, H.G. Monarchies, Parliaments and States-General: The Netherlands in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, New York: Cambridge UP, 2002, chapters 1-4.
Collins, James. “State Building in Early-Modern Europe: The Case of France” in Modern Asian Studies 31 (July, 1997), pp. 603-633.
Koenigsberger, H.G., “Parliaments in the Sixteenth Century and Beyond” in R.W. Davis (ed.), The Origins of Modern Freedom in the West, Stanford: Stanford UP, 1995.
Koeingsberger, chapters 5-8.
Kievelson, Valerie. “Merciful Father, Impersonal State: Russian Autocracy in Comparative Perspective” in Modern Asian Studies 31 (July, 1997), pp. 635-663.
Bouwsma, William. “Liberty in the Renaissance and Reformation” in R.W. Davis (ed.), The Origins of Modern Freedom in the West, Stanford: Stanford UP, 1995.
Kelley, Donald. “Kingship and Resistance” in R.W. Davis (ed.), The Origins of Modern Freedom in the West, Stanford: Stanford UP, 1995.
Recommended:
Collins, James. The State In Early Modern France, New York: Cambridge UP, 1995.
MacKay, Ruth. The Limits of Royal Authority: Resistance and Obedience in Seventeenth-Century Castile, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Oresko, Robert et. al. (eds.), Royal and Republican Sovereignty in Early Modern Europe, New York: Cambridge UP, 1997.
Rodriguez-Salgado, M.J. The Changing Face of Empire: Charles V, Philip II and Habsburg Authority, 1551-1559. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Rowen, Herbert. The King’s State: Proprietary Dynasticism in Early Modern France. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1980.
Russell, Conrad. “Composite monarchies in early modern Europe: The British and Irish example” in Alexander Grant and Keith Stringer (eds.), Uniting the Kingdom? The making of British History, New York: Routledge, 1995.
A.R. Graves, Michael. The Parliaments of Early Modern Europe, New York: Longman, 2001.
Henshall, Nicholas. The Myth of Absolutism: Change and Continuity in Early Modern Monarchy, New York: Longman, 1992.
The End of the Old Order in Europe:
Doyle, William. The Oxford History of the French Revolution, New York: Oxford UP 2nd Edition, 2003.
Conclusion: European State Formation and the 21st Century:
Thies, Cameron. “State Building, Interstate and Intrastate Rivalry: A Study of Post-Colonial Developing Country Extractive Efforts, 1975-2000” in International Studies Quarterly 48 (2004), pp. 53-72.
Jeffrey Herbst, “War and the State in Africa” in International Security 14 (1990), pp. 117-139.
Kirby, A and M.D. Ward. “Modernity and the Process of State Formation: An Examination of 20th Century Africa” in International Interactions 17 (1991), pp. 113-126.
Englebert, Pierre. “Pre-Colonial Institutions, Post-Colonial States, and Economic Development in Tropical Africa” in Political Research Quarterly 53 (2000), pp. 1-20.
Herbst, Jeffrey. “Responding to State Failure in Africa” in International Security 21 (1996-97), pp. 117-139.
Englebert, Pierre. “Why Congo Persists: Sovereignty, Globalization and the Violent Reproduction of a Weak State” Queen Elizabeth House Working Paper QEHWPS95, February 2003, p. 10.
Fukuyama, Francis. State-Building: Governance and World Order in the 21st Century, Ithaca: Cornell UP, 2004.
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